“Achieving Socio-economic Empowerment of the Negede Woyto Social Groups Living In Bahir Dar and Around Lake Tana” by Ayele Addis
For the last 18 months, Alem Children Support Organization (ACSO) has been implementing SPG1 project which entitled as " achieving socio-economy empowerment of marginalized Negede woyto social groups living in Bahir Dar and around lake Tana in partnership with CSSP. This project was aimed at enhancing the communities income opportunity and access to education, hygiene and sanitation, equal power relationships and awareness in implementing the existing policies. Because, this marginalized social groups have been suffering from different economic and social problems like miserable poverty, discrimination, stigma and low self-esteem to bridge the gaps with the other community groups.
Considering our organization's experience with the issues, the target populations and the area, Aleme Children Support Organization (ACSO) was implementing the project to contribute in reducing social exclusion and increase access to education and control over resources and with local community leaders on exclusion awareness raising.
The project was planned to reach directly 1425 and indirectly 6400 beneficiaries of Negede Woyto's community with the total allocated grant amount Birr 2,041,654.50.
The overall objective of the project is to contribute towards the socio-economic empowerment of the Negede Woyto social groups and appreciative inquiry approach.
Therefore, the terminal narrative report is presented as follows in detail;
1. Major activities carried out during the reporting period
A) Livelihood/ Income Generating Activities:-
Income generation activity is one of the components of the project which was designed to help the Negede Woyto marginalized community groups to empower their economy. Accordingly, various activities were implemented by organizing target groups in identified livelihood schemes which were driven from the community needs.
60 marginalized women in Taqussa, Dembya and Gondar Zuriaworedas organized in 3 Self Help Groups/SHGs.
To strengthen and to make more fictional the groups, they were supported with the following provisions by the project
• The groups were provided with financial support as a seed money to inspire them to start up their saving.
• They were provided with saving books, ledgers and technical assistance for their financial management and they opened up bank accounts
• 2 days training provided for the members of SHGs on saving and Credit.
In the first 8 months of the project , 9 oxen were provided for 60 marginalized peasants who have been organized in farmer groups in Taqussa, Dembya and Gondar Zuria woredas. Since, this supply was not sufficient, 2 additional oxen were also provided in the trench. Totally, 11 oxen have been given to the target groups.
In Mitrha Abawarka Kebele (Godar Zuria woreda) 1 small handicraft cooperative which has 15 rural women members has been organized to be fictional as one livelihood scheme
• The group was supported with start-up capital to enable the group members to purchase inputs for their products to increase in type and productivity
• 2 days training was also facilitated in their locality to enhance their skills especially to make them focus on the marketable products and to enhance their group management, and to capacitate them how to make cost analysis to set item prices and to identify market areas.
40 women ( 9 men) in Alefa, Taqussa, Dembia and Gondar Zuria woredas organized in to 4 Apicultural Development Cooperatives and provided with total of 60 bee colonies and 60 modern bee hives ( 15 bee colonies and 15 modern bee hives for each cooperative) . in the first trench, only 40 women were reported as group members who were organized in the apicultural development cooperatives. But, after a time, due to the groups' comment to add men for skill transfer, the 9 men have been added to the groups, and hence the total targets reached 49 beneficiaries. To strengthen these target groups;
• 15 bee colonies purchased and delivered to each cooperative.
• 15 modern beehives purchased and delivered for each cooperative.
• In collaboration with woreda office of agriculture, 2 days training with 4 sessions provided for each cooperative’s members. In each session 12 (10 female and 2 male) participants attended the training.
• Beekeeping training for the cooperative member (beekeepers)was not planned during planning; however it is unthinkable to conduct apiculture activity without offering training. So, ACSO together with respective woreda agriculture office organized training for the intended apiculturist without affecting the budget allocated to buy 60 colonies and 60 hives. The minute prepared by the branch office on the date of 22/12/2008 E.C reflected the importance of the provision of beekeeping materials and training
In Alefa woreda Dengel ber Kebele, 20 Negede Woyto community members have been organized in fishing cooperative which is called " Ye- Esey debir Gote Negede Woyto fishery cooperative".
• The group was supported with technical assistance to open saving account at Amhara Credited and Saving Institution ( ACSI) and by now the members have opened up the account.
• They provided with fishing boat with a motor of six horse power.
• Some other fishing materials like fishing net ( 6 pieces) which has a size of one hundred meters, 8 pieces of plastic boxes, 49 liters of benzene with one liter motor oil were also procured and given to the fishing cooperative.
• Before handing over the materials, especially on how to operate the fishing boat's motor, two days training was given by the supplier for two selected members of the group. In addition, appropriate orientation was conducted to the group members by ACSO staffs on how to work with the supported materials, how to save money and the overall group management and how to apply their internal bylaw and how to link with the Woreda animal and fish resource development office to get services. Identifying market segments, create market network, minimizing running cost, maximizing returns and dividend were also the contents of the orientation.
• Guidance was also given to the group members by the government office staffs at the time of handing over the materials.
60 Negede Woyto farmers from three woredas namely, Takusa ( Chnkie bergen Kebele) Gondar Zuriya (Mistra Abawarka Kebele ) and Dembia( Achera and addissegie Kebeles) have been organized in three irrigation cooperatives which consisted of 2o members for each.
• They have been provided with six water pumps ( two water pumps together with the accessories for one group).
• Necessary orientation was given to the groups in collaboration with water office staffs on how to operate the water pumps in Takusa and Deligi project sites.
• During monitoring visit ACSO tried to link the groups in Takusa and Deligi Woredas with the government sectors in order to make them assist the groups technically especially on how to utilize the water pump to increase their productivity
Tana dar Negede Woyto wetlands development association is one of the target groups which were supported by this project. This group has 112 members whose lives depend on selling products like "dengel" and "Chefie" kind of plans which are cultivated from lake shore of Tana.
To strengthen this association, the project provided
• technical assistance to develop three years business plan and the group has already owned the plan
• 2 days training on environmental protection, wetland development and management as well as business skills for 16 selected members of the association. 9 of the trainees are the committee members of the association.
• farm implements which help them to produce wetland products and make a recreation centre.
• 30,000.00 Birr for recreational centre construction which should be constructed in collaboration with the association.
Memorandum of understanding has been signed between ACSO and the association to lead and facilitate the business plan properly as per of the agreement on which the two parties reached on consensus.
B) Educational Support:-
One of the purposes of the project is contributing in increasing access to education for the children and girls of the target social groups which is known as Negede Woyto Community. Therefore, ACSO has properly carried out the following activities to achieve the intended results in educational support.
provision of scholastic materials and stipend
• 130 vulnerable children in Bahir Dar city, 30 children in Mitrha Abawarka kebele (Gondar Zuria woreda) were targeted for educational support
• 90 marginalized children (60 in Bahir Dar and 30 in Mitrha Abawarka kebele) are provided with stipend for the whole project period ( for 18 months) to augment their supplementary food needs. They were also provided with scholastic materials for the last academic year.
• The remain 70 children from the targeted children were supported with scholastic materials for 2008 E.C academic year.
TVET and tutorial support
• 10 marginalized girls have been selected for TVET and 9 of them have been trained in hair dressing for three consecutive months and the remain one has been graduated from TVET in irrigation.
• 206 children have been supported with tutorial classes to improve their performance. It was planned to serve 140 children in this support, but we achieved 147 % of the plan since there were children who need this support.
C) Awareness Raising Support:-
One of the challenges to enhance the social integration among the Negede Woyto and non-Negede Woyto community groups is lack of awareness about social integration and weak institutional capacity in implementing existing policies and responding to the changing situations.. During the reporting period, to reduce social exclusion some workshops were conducted for key stakeholders, community leaders and the representatives of the marginalized groups.
2 Program launching workshops conducted in Bahir Dar and Gondar in order to create awareness on the issues of marginalization of Negede Woyto social groups and the CSSP – SPG Project. Key government stakeholders, CBOs, local leaders and Faith-based organizations have been participated in the workshop.
Awareness raising on social marginalization and inclusive development planning has been conducted for key stakeholders, community leaders and Negede Woyto representatives in Bahir Dar and Gondar. 13 participants from Bahir Dar and 17 from Gondar have participated in the workshop.
Similarly, one day awareness creation workshop was conducted in Gondar for 20 participants to enhance their awareness about social marginalization and conflict management and to get their role in reducing social exclusion.
A training on social integration and conflict management was also conducted for 15 and 14 participants in Bahir Dar and Gonder consecutively.
Since the community awareness about health issues is very poor, community conversation sessions have been conducted in Bahir Dar and Gondar for 246 community members to enhance their families' health by focusing on prevention and control of diseases and sanitation and hygiene
D) Capacity Development Support:-
1 potable water- tap constructed in Mitrha Abawarka kebele for 34 households (135 individuals).
Capacity - building support provided for Community-based Care and Support Coalition Committee/CCC established in Tana sub city wherein the majority of Negede Woyto social groups are residing.
• Financial support provided for the CCC.
• Training on resource mobilization provided for 42 members of the CCC as per request by the sub city.
1 Functional Adult Literacy Center established for marginalized women and other illiterate women in Fasillo sub city.
10 spinning machines have been purchased for 41 women of Negede Woyto community
Uniforms and other material support provided for Medihin Trafic Safty Club established in Tana sub city established by Negede Woyto youths.
Materials (furniture and stationary) purchased and provided for Negede Woyto Children’s Affairs Club established in Kulkual Meda School where most of the Negede Woyto children are enrolled.
Sport materials (shirts, shorts, balls) provided for Taytu Girls Socker Club formed by Negede Woyto girls in Tana sub city.
5 taskforce units (4 in North Gondar and 1 in Bahir Dar) established as a strategy for building coalition for change – for increased voice.
• 1quarterly meetings/forums conducted in Gondar and about 25 members from the 4 woredas participated in the meeting.
• 1 quareterly meeting conducted in Bahir Dar with 20 participants.
• 1 jointly supportive supervision conducted in Bahir Dar with the key government stake holders
• .1 joint field visit conducted with taskforce groups in Gondar Zuria woreda (Mitrha Abawarka).
Infrastructural development support (as a community outreach program) provided for minorities in Tana sub city:
• 2 Intra-village roads, 1 local bridge and 2 public toilets maintained for the community living in minority villages.
• One public toilet which has 4 rooms has been newly constructed for 40 households in Hidar 11 sub-city wherein the Negede Woyto community is residing and proper handover has been done with the community and Hidar 11 sub-city.
E) Networking and Collaboration:-
2 sub project agreements signed with key government stakeholders in North Gondar Zone and Bahir Dar City Administration.
Multi-stakeholders’ workshop conducted in North Gondar (Delgi town) with participants from relevant zonal offices and the 4 Woredas.
different MOUs ( memorandum of understandings) have been signed with target groups and government offices in order to assure suitability
F) Other Activities:-
2 field officers recruited for the implementation of strategic activities in the 4 woredas of North Gondar zone.
3 Field monitoring visit conducted on quarterly basis by staffs from the project office and technical support provided for field officers.
Different fixed assets, as they are stated in the separate sheet have been purchased for target groups and office use.
2. Progress report Vs Planned objectives/Strategic outcomes/results:-
Result 1: Income level/livelihood conditions of 415 target beneficiaries improved
In this regard, during the project period, the strategic intervention addressed 271 direct and 1200 indirect beneficiaries to date. As a result of implementation of livelihood/Income generating Activities, the project has achieved the following outputs/changes. It is envisaged that these outputs could contribute to improved/increased level of income for target beneficiaries, as depicted below:
Regarding to SHGs
• Each individual member of the 60 SHG is saving birr 20/month for future investment and in some cases, such as Delgi saving rate is grew from birr 20 to 30/month
• Saving amount of the three groups grew from zero to birr 20000 to date.
• The members have taken good lesson on saving and they developed their saving culture
• The social interaction among the group members has been increased and they have got it as a means of solving their social problems
• 30% of the trained women increased confidence and opened up their eyes for other business opportunities, such as: petty trade and home-based hair dressing.
Regarding to the 60 marginalized peasants provided with the farming oxen,
• previously, the targeted households had farm land that was rented out for Non Negede Woyto farmers. But, by now using the farming oxen, the targeted households planted their own plot. i.e transferring from share-cropping to “owned & managed” type of land tenure.
• Few targets started renting additional farm and planting for their own additional income.
• After the provision of water pumps, few farmers started producing legumes crops and potato through irrigation. For example, one HH produced 8 Qs of potato
• Previously, the HHs and their children were the laborers of the framers of Non Negede Woyto community, but now they are fully engaged on their farm
• In general, the quality life of the targets is being improved to some extent as the result of the project.
• Crop production per HH increased than ever. For example, please see the attached case story.
• By now the targets can afford payments in cash for fertilizers and improved seeds
• They started to become members of agricultural cooperatives which established by non Negede Woyto community near to them and this is being a good entry for a social integration
• Their nutritional status and food security is being improved as their income is increasing
• The community also started exercising gender mainstreaming among the members by privileging women for service provisions.
Handicraft Producers’ Cooperative.
• After they have got the training , they started producing marketable products rather than basketry
• They started managing their startup capital properly to supply the inputs for their work
Apicultural Cooperatives.
• Their technical Capacity improved as the result of the training provided
• They transferred the bee colonies from traditional beehives onto modern ones
• They started harvesting honey for example, i n case Mitrha Abawarka kebele they harvested 48 Kg ( 2256 Birr)
• Currently the new bee colonies, with the traditional beehives, have been successfully adapted to the local environment and the number of bee colonies is increased in Chachalewa Kebele.
• Targets are being familiarized with this new livelihood scheme. Because this community is not familiarized with this IGA before.
Result 2:- Access to education enhanced for 160 school children in Bahir Dar
city and in Mitrha Abawarka kebele (North Gondar).
access to education, tutorial and TVET
• Conducive environment in teaching and learning has been created in between the targeted children and the school community
• The support has created a sense of equality among students
• The children could attend their school throughout the year / being free from dropout
• Good performance progressively seen from semester to semester
• TVET graduates have been qualified for employment opportunity as first step
Result 3:- Increased Awareness created for local leaders and the community:-
As the result of the program launching, the government key stakeholders have been clear about the project purpose and the overall status of the community and they fully engaged throughout the implementation process
The government offices stated to customize development activities to the marginalized community groups. For example, in Chankie Bergen Kebele,(Takusa Woreda) three farmers from Negede Woyto Community adopted hand pump water from the agricultural office and they inspiring the other community groups to have the same service
Hand pump water provided by the government
Local leaders and heads of sector offices began to express their concern on issues of marginalization. For instance, a case of violence/attack against a school girl by members of mainstream society convicted in the woreda court, resulting in a penalty of Birr 1,500 against the guilty.
Issues of displacement and housing problems of Negede woyto social group in Bahir Dar city got attention by decision makers. For instance, land registration cards are issued for Negede woyto social groups when land inventory is carried out in Tana kebele. Likewise a survey on housing problem of Negede Woyto social groups has been conducted recently in Bahir Dar city.
The government heads and community leaders have taken the initiative to incorporate the development needs of the marginalized community in their inclusive plan
They started to encourage community participation in which the marginalized groups could fully involve
As a result of CC, the community started to share social events with the non Negede Woyto community groups
The attitude of the local government at North Gondar is changed more than expected after conducting their first visit to the targeted groups.
The community started to claim for their development constraints
The local government is influenced since the project served the government as an alarm about the marginalized community issues and it recognized the community's problem
A change agent has been emerged among the community to positively influence the others for new thinking regarding to empowerment
Result 4:- Improved capacity of local institutions to support improvements for
marginalized groups.
• Water supply
34 households/134 family members in Mitsirha Abawarka ( Godar Zuria ) started using safe and clean water
They became free from water born diseases and cases those can be resulted from water born diseases have been decreased i.e cholera and others
personal hygiene improved
Decreased time and labor spent by women and girls for fetching water from distance places. Hence more time is available for education and other productive tasks than ever before.
Water users committee consisting of 7 people established at village level and the community ownership improved and they manage the maintenances of the water tap by themselves
Increased capacity of water users committee achieved through training on maintenance, utilization and management of the scheme.
Increased participation of village residents achieved in mobilizing resources available in the area they live and they started to save monthly contribution to ensure sustainability.
• Capacity of 6 local institutions improved
CCC started to contribute to curb existing exclusion practices against minorities.
The Negede Woyto social groups are represented in the CCC leadership. 2 persons are included in the management committee.
The CCC is providing elders and people with disability with a monthly stipend of birr 200 and some are from marginalized group.
The Community care and support coalition (CCC) started to mobilize resource
The capacity of Taytu Girls Sport Club improved to contribute towards girls empowerment and social inclusion.
Social inclusion increased as the club registered 3 non-NegedeWoyto girls as members of the club.
Increased level of confidence achieved with intensive field trainings.
Tthe capacity of Medihin Traffic Safety Club improved to serve the community they live in, thereby encouraging inclusiveness. As a result, issues of social marginalization are made to be incorporated in to the GTP plan at sub city level.
Capacity of Negede Woyto Children’s Affair Club increased to contribute to improved relation between the school community and the Negede Woyto children in Kulkual Meda School.
Number of cases of conflicts arising from discrimination of Negede Woyto children reduced to 50%.
Capacity of existing physical infrastructures (such as: intra-village roads, local bridge and the public toilets) improved in minority village located in Tanake bele of Bahir Dar city.
The maintenance work of the local bridge in minority village and the intra-village road opened up for use and the community is being severed by them
As the result of toilet construction and maintenance, open defecation has been decreased, environmental sanitation improved, the community prevented from communicable diseases and the community started using safely and overall the community health improved
Result 5:- Networking and Collaboration strengthened between the project and key stakeholders
2 offices arranged for field officers at Maksegnit (Gondar Zuria woreda) and Delgi Towns (Taqussa woreda).
As a result of multi-stakeholders workshop conducted at Delgi town, strong link created with local government and sector offices at woreda level.
Almost all relevant sector offices have agreed to include issues of marginalization in their plan.
MOUs signed with relevant offices prior to implementation of activities.
Office of Water Development in Gondar Zuriaworeda supported the project by assigning experts to provide training for 7 members of the Water Users Committee, select the construction site and oversee the overall water development activities.
Office of Finance and Local Economic Development in Gondar Zuria and Taqussa woreda collaborated the project by providing technical advices and offices for the field officers.
As per of the MOUs signed with government offices, they started to contribute their roles and responsibilities to follow up the overall activities of the project to a assure suitability
3. Changes in the internal and external that are affecting the strategic interventions.
A) Internal Factors/environments affecting changes:
The behavior of Negede Woyto is by itself a challenge to reach consensus during meetings and discussion forums especially in the first trench
budget limitation to provide enough working capitals to the ultra poor Negede Woyto communities
Lack of papyrus in their locality is a challenge for women’s handicraft group.
Attitude, beliefs… with in the minds of minorities are the invisible powers which impede them not to see beyond the usual thing. This has made the social group to be resistant and skeptic of new interventions.
In some cases, conflict of interest among group members
staff turn over
Wide coverage of project site and hard to reach as compare with the capacity of the implementer ( lack vehicle for monitoring)
B) External Factors/environments affecting progresses include:
Prices escalation to conduct activities as per of the project agreement
Members of taskforce units and leaders of sector offices were too busy to provide extra support for some of the project activities to execute as per of the plan
Attitude of mainstream society in rural areas might hinder social inclusion, particularly in terms of using common water points and sharing same prayer places.
Lack of vehicle/transport was a problem for the staffs to accomplish their tasks effectively.
The budget planned for stipend is too small to cover the ever rising cost of food.
4. Recommendations and future plans
The project should have its own vehicle especially to monitor and to perform the planned activities effectively and efficiently
More budget for supplementary food, should be allocated
sorting out potential intervention areas which are highly familiar with community and focusing on them
Awareness rising on social inclusion and/or exclusion must be conducted by integrating with Non Negede Woyto community groups
Organizing women in sheep raring/fattening. There is huge potential for sheep production, and the demand for this activity is increased.
Supporting minority women residing in Delgi area with financial support to work on petty trades.
Market linkages should be significantly facilitated
The targeting methodology should include Non Negede Woyto community in order to reduce social exclusion
Conducting review meeting with relevant stakeholders, government representatives, local decision makers, CBOs, Faith-based Organizations.. at regular basis
Training on appreciative Inquiry is required to bring about positive change in the marginalized communities mind setting.
Some Government sectors' commitment was not as expected from the project's perspective . For example Tana sub-city TVEDO was not unexpectedly cooperative for IGA .
5. Lessons learned to date
If the project activities are accompanied by memorandum of understating (MOUs) with government stakeholders, they will be fruitful to satisfy the target groups.
In some selected areas, it is better to focus on individual income generating activities rather than group IGAs.
Assigning local facilitators/ animators from the targeted community may create a good opportunity in trust and to mobilize the community for the intended objectives
We learned so far, the target selection methodology should be designed properly by consulting with the local community as the nature of the project activity
The interventions so far made in rural areas have created motivation and inspiration for improved life in these social groups; despite women’s resistance to new interventions.
During the project period, we have learnt that considerable changes can happen in the life of these small minority groups in less than 3-5 years time. Because, we have seen that these marginalized groups are suffering from poverty and discrimination while they are living amidst plenty of resources.
This strategic intervention can open the eyes of marginalized people towards the agrarian potential immensely available in their locality.
6. Expenditure to date :-
The financial report is presented in separate worksheet. In this narrative report, variances regarding to budget utilization will be discussed. In general, the financial expenditure to date (i.e. in the project period is reckoned at Birr 1,964,359.00 ( 95.14%) of the planned budget for the project period.
7- Declaration of compliance :-
On the first place to be functional as a local charity, our organization has renewed its registration license by fulfilling all the requirements as per of the new Ethiopian Charities and Societies' legislation.
Alem Children Support Organization (ACSO) is complying with all the rules and regulations set by Ethiopian Charities and Societies Law and its directives. We are also adhered to the principles of CSSP and its internal rules and guidelines.
Regarding to 30/70 budget allocation, it was planned in birr 447058.00 for administration which is 21.65 % of the total grant, 1,617,597.00 birr for program and it was 78.35 % of the total budget. Accordingly, the performance shows 444058.00 Birr has been spent for administration and 1522574.91.00 birr was also spent for program. This performance shows 21.50/73.74 in percent consecutively. In addition to this, the other significant concern about declaration of compliance is the 90/10 issue which should be clearly seen during the implementation of the project.
Therefore, during the implementation of the project, the allocated budget in cash and in kind was incorporated as necessary with the contribution of our organization, the local administration and the community in different components of the project. For example, while the intra-village red ash road and local bridge construction, most of the resource mobilization was done by the sub-city and the community. Similarly, in the other project components, the community labor cost, the provision of local materials like sand for water tap construction, the provision of hand water pump from the government and the contribution for the administration cost by ACSO has kept the organization's compliance with the 90/10 section of the Charities and Societies Law
It is clear that to keep our organization's compliance with the expected boundaries from the government, ACSO has signed the project agreement with the concerned government bodies and it was governed by the rules and regulations throughout the implementation period of the project. As per of the stated roles and responsibilities of the partners, they were jointly implementing the project especially by providing technical support, monitoring and practicing the existing policies.
Budget shift and purchases
Concerning over utilization above 15% budget received during the project period; we made a budget shift from activity 4.7(support Negede Woyto Development Association) to activity 1.3(Provision of oxen for needy Negede Woyto farmers) and from activity 1.5.1(seed money support )to activity 1.2.2. (Provision of fishing boat support for "Eseydebir" fishing cooperatives).In the case of purchase of capital goods such as laptop, originally we planned to purchase by Birr 14,000.00 due to inflation we bought Birr 17,700.00; 3,700.00 birr shifted from activity 6.1.8 (Desk top Computer). ACSO also purchase desktop computer to facilitate the SPG1 Activity; here we charged CSSP Birr 2800.00 and the remaining balance from matching fund (from ACSO’s own Source). In the project, it was planned to construct two public toilets. But due to inflation, by consulting and requesting CSSP for prior approval, we built one public toilet.
All the procurements were also being executed with prior approval of CSSP.
8. How well do you think your organization has delivered on planned cooperation with the primary stakeholders?
8- Cooperation with primary/key stakeholders:-
Our organization has delivered the planned cooperation as per of the project agreement signed with the concerned bodies. As a result, the project was properly contributing to the intended objectives. So, the contributions of key stakeholders was also significantly played an important role for the the accomplishments of the project.
Local administration offices and government sector offices, particularly offices of Finance and Local Economy Development, Small and Micro Enterprises Development, Education, Cooperative Promotion Agency and Women, Youth and Children Affairs, are key stakeholders to our organization while implementing this project. These structures at Zone, Woredas and Sub-cities were very significant primary stakeholders to support our project. It is clear that our organization as implementing agent, it was the key organization to lead and facilitate the project but it was impossible to execute the project activities without the cooperation of the government key stakeholders. Therefore, the scope of the cooperation and partnership was not limited to the practical roles and responsibilities of the partners. But it was also bounded by official agreement based on the signed project document.
In general, during the implementation of the project, the roles of these partners was very significant in terms of providing land, cost share, giving guidance and in placing procedures on targeting and organizing beneficiary groups, launching the significance of the program as well as monitoring the overall implementation of the project. To sum up, most of the key partners were contributing to the project from their perspectives. However, in one sub city, we faced a challenge to be provided with a shed for Bereket bakery targets, and this activity was not executed as per of the planned cooperation.
Since our organization had a strong partnership with the local key stakeholders in terms of the above issues, our organization was communicating and sharing information with our key stakeholders through quarter and annual reports, and also using the GO/NGO forums. ACSO has built strong network with relevant government offices through establishing 5 task force units in 4 rural woredas, 1 for each and the balance 1 task for unit at Bahir Dar.
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